BackgroundsUrethral catheter obstruction is a notable issue that pediatric patients with hypospadias may encounter in the early postoperative period.This retrospective study aims to assess the efficacy of open-ended urethral catheters with 2 side holes in mitigating catheter obstruction in pediatric patients following hypospadias repair.Materials a
Calcium hydroxide (CH) is widely used as an intracanal medicament between appointments to increase the number of canals free from bacteria.However, the remnant CH hinders the penetration of disinfectants and sealers Combs into dentinal tubules and compromises the seal of the canal filling.Therefore, residual CH must be removed before permanent root
AbstractAge-related cognitive decline is associated with increased risk of disability, dementia and death.Recent studies suggest improvement in cognitive speed, attention and executive functioning with physical activity.However, whether such improvements are activity specific is unclear.Therefore, we aimed to study the effect of one year age-adapte